Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were randomized, in a double blind design, and placed into either a vitamin D supplemented group or a placebo control group. As expected, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels increased significantly following 6 month vitamin D supplementation (17+/-6 ng/ml at baseline to 28+/-8 ng/ml at 6 months). Vitamin D supplementation also significantly increased serum transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 levels from 230+/-21 pg/ml at baseline to 295+/-40 pg/ml 6 months later. Placebo treatment had no effect on serum TGF-beta 1 levels. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and interleukin (IL)-13 were not different following vitamin D supplementation. IL-2 mRNA levels decreased following vitamin D supplementation but the differences did not reach significance. Vitamin D supplementation of MS patients for 6 months was associated with increased vitamin D status and serum TGF-beta 1.
Publication types
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Clinical Trial
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Randomized Controlled Trial
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Cytokines / blood
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Cytokines / drug effects*
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Cytokines / immunology
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Female
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Humans
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Immune System / drug effects*
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Immune System / immunology
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Immune System / physiopathology
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Immune Tolerance / drug effects*
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Immune Tolerance / immunology
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Inflammation Mediators / blood
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Inflammation Mediators / immunology
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Interferon-gamma / genetics
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Interleukin-13 / genetics
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Interleukin-2 / genetics
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Male
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Multiple Sclerosis / complications
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Multiple Sclerosis / drug therapy*
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Multiple Sclerosis / immunology
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RNA, Messenger / blood
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RNA, Messenger / drug effects
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / blood
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Transforming Growth Factor beta1
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Treatment Outcome
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
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Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives*
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Vitamin D / blood
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Vitamin D / therapeutic use*
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Vitamin D Deficiency / complications
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Vitamin D Deficiency / immunology
Substances
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Cytokines
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Inflammation Mediators
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Interleukin-13
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Interleukin-2
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RNA, Messenger
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TGFB1 protein, human
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Transforming Growth Factor beta
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Transforming Growth Factor beta1
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Vitamin D
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Interferon-gamma
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25-hydroxyvitamin D