Patterns and severity of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2015 Mar;20(1):37-46. doi: 10.1111/jns.12114.

Abstract

Vincristine, a critical component of combination chemotherapy treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), can lead to vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN). Longitudinal VIPN assessments were obtained over 12 months from newly diagnosed children with ALL (N = 128) aged 1-18 years who received vincristine at one of four academic children's hospitals. VIPN assessments were obtained using the Total Neuropathy Score-Pediatric Vincristine (TNS©-PV), National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE©), Balis© grading scale, and Pediatric Neuropathic Pain Scale©-Five (PNPS©-5). Of children who provided a full TNS©-PV score, 85/109 (78%) developed VIPN (TNS©-PV ≥4). Mean TNS©-PV, grading scale, and pain scores were low. CTCAE©-derived grades 3 and 4 sensory and motor VIPN occurred in 1.6%/0%, and 1.9%/0% of subjects, respectively. VIPN did not resolve in months 8-12 despite decreasing dose density. VIPN was worse in older children. Partition cluster analysis revealed 2-3 patient clusters; one cluster (n = 14) experienced severe VIPN. In this population, VIPN occurs more commonly than previous research suggests, persists throughout the first year of treatment, and can be severe.

Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; children; patterns; severity; vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Pain Measurement
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / drug therapy
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Vincristine / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Vincristine