Thoracic diabetic radiculopathy causing truncal pain and abdominal muscle bulging is a recognized though extremely rare complication of diabetes. We report here six cases, describing their clinical features and natural history in detail: the condition affects predominantly middle-aged men, usually on the right side of the abdominal wall, involving three to five adjacent nerve roots between T6 and T12. It may be accompanied by profound weight loss which is not normally due to poorly controlled diabetes. Complete resolution of this syndrome occurs after 3 to 12 months.